https://j-institute.com Abstract Purpose: The educational significance of this study lies in the fact that through the exhibition planning course for the digital beauty curriculum utilizing the metaverse platform developed herein, students can independently explore media technology and virtual spaces, communicate with each other, experience new methods and meaningful experiences, and acquire and master various digital technologies while enhancing their creativity through process-centered activities. Method: An experiment was conducted with 40 second-year beauty majors to select a digital beauty course suitable for exhibition-based project learning using the ZEPETO metaverse platform, chosen through case studies related to the research topic. The experiment aimed to explore efficient teaching methods for virtual exhibition planning courses and verify student satisfaction. Pre- and post-course satisfaction surveys were administered, and comparative analysis was performed using a paired t-test. Results: First, we selected ZEPETO among metaverse platforms to develop a new form of exhibition class free from temporal and spatial constraints. Second, a paired t-test was conducted to analyze the difference in class satisfaction between existing digital beauty education and digital education utilizing the ZEPETO metaverse. The results showed a significant improvement in post-satisfaction compared to pre-satisfaction. Third, during the metaverse experience, recreational experiences, relational experiences, and escapist experiences were found to have a significant positive (+) effect on satisfaction. Therefore, metaverse experience factors suggest they act as key elements that go beyond simply stimulating learning interest. They promote learners' social interaction, emotional connection, and autonomous participation, ultimately enhancing class satisfaction and learning outcomes. Conclusion: Therefore, future metaverse-based education requires cognitive design elements that induce educational immersion and the establishment of creative experiential environments where learners can autonomously create aesthetic value. If educational content development utilizing diverse media for new major courses continues in step with this, educational effectiveness can also be enhanced. While this study involved 40 beauty major university students and thus faces limitations in generalizing its findings to broader educational contexts, its positive results from the virtual exhibition class using a metaverse platform suggest the need for follow-up research on education utilizing diverse metaverse platforms. Keywords: Metaverse Platform, Virtual Exhibition, Teaching Methods, Experiential Factors, Satisfaction Level ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:28:54 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to analyze major stress factors that should be supplemented in order for Generation Z to expand their support as beginner executives, and based on this, consider measures that the Korean military should supplement. Method: The main research analysis targets and research methods were limited to Gen Z's unenrolled college students nationwide, so a survey and SPSS analysis were used for unenrolled college students in Gangwon-do, which is a military unit concentrated area and a border area. Results: Based on the analysis of major stress factors, in this article is to derive the following measures to improve the Korean military to expand support for beginner executives for Generation Z. First, it is the most important to increase the remuneration of beginner executives. Generation Z judged that beginner executives were paid less than other government and social organizations with the same working conditions. Second, it is considered an important value for military organizations to ensure growth conditions and prepare for the creation of beginner executives. Third, preventive measures should be guaranteed for command measures that are out of the regulations of the commander. Fourth, measures to reduce the responsibilities and obligations of beginner executives must be steadily sought. Conclusion: There has been no significant difference from the stressors and improvement measures of beginner executives that have been raised in our military, but it has become clear that it is urgent to supplement the system and come up with measures to revitalize the support of beginner executives of Generation Z and make them a rewarding service. The government should focus on improving and supplementing the working and work environment of beginner executives in order to foster strong national security and strong military development in the era of ultra-low fertility, and to build an early AI-based complex system. Keywords: Generation Z, Analysis of Stressors, Improvement of Service Conditions for Beginner Executives, Realization of Conservatives, Development of Strong Forces ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:27:11 +0000 Abstract Purpose: As long as the state maintains a presidential system of government, the approach must be from the perspective of national security, not solely for the personal safety of the president. To achieve this, a layered security system involving overlapping agencies—such as the presidential security agency, police, and military—is crucial. However, some countries argue that the police should replace the presidential security agency directly under the president. In this study, we propose five structural analyses to explain why this claim is incorrect, focusing on the case of Korea. Method: This study is an English-language extension of a paper published in Korean, and expands on the critical discourse on the transfer of presidential security services to the police, which was presented in an exploratory manner in the original Korean paper, with a case study as the basis. Results: This study first examines the history of the Korean presidential security service from its inception to the present, examining the evolution of the "Presidential Security Service" and the "National Police" as the dedicated presidential security agencies. Second, it examines the overlapping security arrangements within Korean presidential security, including security areas, distances from security targets, and responsible agencies. Third, it examines the electronic warfare threats posed by cutting-edge technologies like drones, driven by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, to the presidential security service. Fourth, it analyzes the characteristics of security systems in different countries, based on their political systems: "presidential" and "cabinet" systems. In the Korean case, it categorizes security duties into "personal security," "personal protection," and "personal protection." It also presents the typology of terrorist organizations that pose threats to the president. Conclusion: This study analyzed five structural factors that make presidential security unsuitable for the police. First, the overlapping security system, divided into the Presidential Security Service, the National Police Agency, and the Capital Defense Command, must be maintained. Second, the police's primary responsibility is domestic security, making it difficult to effectively respond to threats linked to foreign countries, which are essential for presidential security. Third, presidential security is operated as a form of military operation rather than a matter of public security, making it difficult for the police to take the lead in presidential security. Fourth, if the police were to exclusively handle presidential security, it would be based on the Police Officers' Duties Execution Act, which mandates that officers prioritize their own safety while performing security duties. This, however, is not legally appropriate. Fifth, security and secrecy are crucial for presidential security, and the police's budget is public and recruitment channels are extensive, making it somewhat incompatible with the security-focused task of presidential security. Keywords: Presidential Security, Police, Military, Operations, Presidential System ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:25:02 +0000 Abstract Purpose: In Korea, semi-permanent makeup has become a key sector in the beauty industry, recognized as a form of makeup that complements the limitations of traditional tattooing. Demand for semi-permanent makeup services is expected to increase further as the medical beauty market and its application expand to a wider range of age groups. For a long time, the Korean semi-permanent makeup and tattoo-related service industries remained in a legal limbo due to insufficient institutional and legal regulations. However, with the recent passage of the Tattoo Act by the National Assembly, tattooing and semi-permanent makeup procedures are expected to be formally legislated and regulated within the next two years. Semi-permanent makeup is characterized by its delicate and invasive nature, and its institutionalization is leading to an increasing demand for certification and retraining. Therefore, systematic training and evaluation are essential. Against this backdrop, the development of a standardized and systematic training program to cultivate professional semi-permanent makeup practitioners is a critical and urgent task. Method: The NCS-based educational program for semi-permanent makeup proposed in this study was designed based on practical field requirements and was systematically researched and structured to establish its conceptual framework, development domains, and development components. First, a literature review was conducted on 81 master’s theses, 14 doctoral dissertations, and relevant monographs related to semi-permanent makeup. In addition, the concept of the National Competency Standards (NCS), NCS competency units and elements in the beauty field, and the learning module system were examined. Second, to develop the competency unit elements of an NCS-based educational program for semi-permanent makeup, a Delphi survey was conducted in three rounds with 20 field experts who possessed between 3 and over 20 years of professional experience in semi-permanent makeup. Results: Through the third round of the Delphi survey, 18 NCS competency units and 59 competency unit elements were derived to facilitate application to learning modules. These competency units included an overview and definition of semi-permanent makeup, skin and scalp, hygiene management, infection control and disinfection, pre- and post-procedure management, history and trends of makeup, basic makeup drawing, semi-permanent makeup design, color theory, pigments, equipment, equipment-based design techniques, field application, corrective methods for improper procedures, use of pain relief agents, customer management, business management, and educational feedback. Conclusion: In a field where prior research on semi-permanent makeup remains limited, this study—developed through the systematic elicitation of expert opinions—is expected to serve as foundational data for training professional semi-permanent makeup practitioners and for the advancement of the beauty industry. Keywords: Semi-Permanent Makeup, NCS-Based Education Program, Competency Unit Elements, Delphi Method, Regulations ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:20:47 +0000 Abstract Purpose: This study focuses on "Health Qigong", a traditional Eastern mind-body training method, as a solution to the problem of hyper-aging faced by Korean society. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Health Qigong for healthy aging and propose specific non-face-to-face program implementation strategies. Method: This study analyzed previous research findings using triangulation to determine inter-rater agreement. The data collection primarily focused on research papers on Health Qigong and healthy aging published in the Korea Citation Index (KCI) within the past 10 years (2015-2025). For policy data analysis, the "Non-medical Healthcare Service Guidelines and Casebook" published by the Korean Ministry of Health and Welfare was analyzed to assess its applicability. Results: The study identified the anticipated advantages and disadvantages of a non-face-to-face Health Qigong program and proposed a Health Qigong program to strengthen intrinsic capacity. Furthermore, a detailed implementation strategy and evaluation indicators, applying a non-medical healthcare service model, and a specific safety training manual for the Health Qigong program were developed. Conclusion: Health Qigong can be safely applied within non-medical healthcare service guidelines. In particular, it is understood that non-face-to-face implementation of health information verification, prevention and management consultation, training goal setting, training implementation and monitoring, feedback, and adjustments is feasible. To ensure future sustainability, a cultural approach should be developed that integrates with the healthy pleasure trend and fosters a perception of Health Qigong as a fun and sustainable lifestyle habit for older adults, rather than a forced exercise. Keywords: Health Qigong, Non-Face-to-Face, Intrinsic Capabilities, Active Seniors, Strengthen ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:16:34 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze occupational health risks associated with ammonia inhalation exposure among beauty industry workers and to propose integrated safety management strategies. Although ammonia-based products are frequently used in small, enclosed beauty salons, systematic occupational health assessments remain insufficient. This study therefore examines the physiological effects of ammonia exposure and identifies practical control measures, including engineering controls and standardized operating procedures(SOPs). Method: A comprehensive literature review and case analysis of epidemiological studies on ammonia exposure in the hairdressing industry were conducted. International safety standards from organizations such as ACGIH and NIOSH were reviewed alongside toxicological data on respiratory and mucosal effects. In addition, current work-place practices in beauty salons were analyzed to identify gaps between existing guidelines and actual field conditions, particularly regarding ventilation and personal protective equipment. Results: The analysis indicated that chronic inhalation of ammonia in poorly ventilated environments is associated with respiratory disorders such as chronic bronchitis and reduced lung function. While acute mucosal irritation is well documented, long-term exposure presents an elevated risk of occupational asthma among stylists. Many salons were found to lack localized exhaust ventilation and adequate chemical-resistant protective equipment, under-scoring deficiencies in current safety practices. Conclusion: Mitigating ammonia exposure in the beauty industry requires an integrated approach combining engineering controls, worker education, and institutionalized safety policies. The implementation of localized exhaust ventilation(LEV) and clear SOPs is essential for reducing inhalation risks. Regular safety training to improve hazard awareness is also critical. These measures provide a foundational framework for promoting sustainable and healthy working environments in the beauty industry. Keywords: Ammonia Exposure, Hairdressing Industry, Occupational Health Risks, Respiratory Irritation, Safety Management ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:13:23 +0000 Abstract Purpose: This study aims to identify the structural relationships between ecological resources and visitor pressure across 29 provincial parks in Korea. The analysis further seeks to compare characteristics across park types and derive management implications based on identified patterns. Given the wide variation in resource conditions and limited existing research, an integrated evaluation of ecological value and visitor infrastructure was required. Method: Excluding one DMZ-adjacent park, 29 provincial parks were classified into four types—mountain, urban, coastal, and wetland. Indicators of ecological resources and visitor pressure were compiled and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. This approach enabled a comprehensive assessment of re-source distributions, inter-type differences, and structural linkages among variables. Results: Mountain-type parks exhibited the highest levels of ecological richness and visitor infrastructure, while coastal and wetland parks showed comparatively lower values. Strong positive correlations were identified among major indicators, including plant–animal species richness, trail length–segment count, and budget–staff capacity. These findings indicate that resources, use, and management systems operate in interdependent rather than isolated forms. Conclusion: Ecological resources and visitor pressure differed significantly across park types, and clear structural linkages were observed among indicators. These results suggest the need for differentiated, type-specific management strategies rather than uniform approaches. Integrated systems connecting budget, staffing, and facilities were found to be essential for efficient park management. Keywords: Provincial Parks, Ecological Resources, Visitor Pressure, Park Management, Correlation Analysis ]]> Thu, 22 Jan 2026 13:04:54 +0000 Abstract Purpose: As artificial intelligence(AI) has currently used in many ways related to nurses, there is an ultimate need to consider the ethical values of AI in healthcare. Thus, the present study first investigates several types of AI-based technologies and robotics applied to nursing, such as supportive, cooperative, and collaborative robots. Moreover, several ethical guidelines and requirements for AI, ethical issues and concerns of AI, especially nursing ethical considerations, are explored based on the principles of biomedical ethics and the nursing code of ethics. Method: We searched for existing scientific literature using the keywords “AI or Robot or Nurses”, “AI or Robot and Ethics” in PubMed until March 2022. Next, we reviewed the articles related to ethical issues and considerations in AI-based technologies, especially in the field of healthcare. In addition, a web-based search about robotics in nursing was conducted to find out their specific roles. Results: The direction of ethical discussion of AI has changed from Roboethics, which emphasizes robot’s behavior and the responsibility of robots, to ethics for humans, such as developers and users. There are many ways AI is helping to overcome health care challenges, such as diagnosis, precision medicine, and prediction models. For the safety of human-robot interaction, ethics of caring need to be discussed in close proximity for nurses, patients, or both. Therefore, AI needs to consider patient safety first, do no harm and aggravate the patient’s condition, sufficiently provide to treat diseases and improve patients’ health conditions, and the service needs to be distributed equally without prejudice and discrimination regardless of medical problems. Conclusion: As AI has incredible potential to empower people and widely benefit current and future generations, AI ethics needs to be further discussed in a direction in harmony with the development of related industries. Nurses should understand AI applications and their implications for nursing research and practice to improve patient care and clinical outcome. In addition, careful ethical considerations and engagement with nurses in implementing and evaluating AI-based technologies in healthcare are critical to the best clinical decisions and developing reliable innovations. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence(AI), Roboethics, Biomedical Ethics, Morality, Nursing Codes of Ethics

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 17:49:38 +0000 Abstract Purpose: In the name of fear and prevention of corona infection, human society is branded as an infected individual or group. In serious infectious disease situations, the scapegoat of transferring tension and fear to some members of the community can cause dissociation and cultural trauma. The scapegoat violence, which is blamed for the expectation of collective psychological purification, lives in an era of confusion that requires a healthy alternative. Therefore, in this situation, this study aims to examine the implications of human and psychological trauma to us from a historical point of view. Method: Modern times, violence that eludes and condemns some members because of the expectation of collective psychological cleanup is living in an era of confusion that requires healthy alternatives. This study is to examine previous studies and data related to trauma and to suggest the implications of trauma phenomenon in the pandemic era. Results: We are part of a post-trauma society, as is society, where individuals and societies who have experienced violence and trauma are overwhelmed by fear. It is undoubtedly true that the Pandemic era increases the frequency and intensity of depression and anxiety in humans, as it causes “group trauma” in many people. Personal trauma is an emotional wound that begins with a shocking event that occurred to one person or a small number of people. On the other hand, collective trauma is a trauma that occurs because of the shock of society as a whole, not an individual or a small number. Trauma is widely understood as a variety of psychological and spiritual wounds in large and small forms experienced in everyday life. If this concept of broadness is premised, trauma can happen to anyone, anytime, anywhere, in various contexts of life. After the fall of mankind, constant war, natural disasters and talent, terrorism, and social oppression have left untouchable scars on many people. The core of trauma relief(therapy) is to restore the relationship through the recovery of broken communication, and it is necessary to provide in-depth support with interest at the national level. In addition, it is necessary to approach trauma from a phenomenological point of view and to make it possible to understand the victim more generally considering the sociocultural context intertwined with the complex life and experience of the victim experiencing trauma as a de-evidence paradigm. Conclusion: This study suggests implications for the meaning of social human and psychological trauma to us in the current Pandemic situation and also it is expected to be a basic foundation for in-depth papers that can lead to follow-up studies. Keywords: Trauma, Pandemic, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Trauma Therapy, Phenomenological Approach

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 17:38:20 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The economic crimes targeting an unspecified majority are beyond imagination in terms of economic development and the extent of their damages incurred. Among the typical examples is the crime of unlawful fund raising. Despite the continuous crackdowns and punishments at the pan-government level, it threatens the economy of the commoners. The most unlawful fund raising companies are not subject to financial supervision, yet promise to pay a fixed interest rate or high dividends several dozen times larger than the financial institutions as a bait of high returns. However, there is no source of income, and it is just a ‘Ponzi scheme’ which preserves the profits of existing investors with the investment of new investors. This is a method through which the unlawful fund raising companies guarantee the principal and interest from an unspecified number of people without authorization, permission, registration, or reporting. Furthermore, defrauding multi-level investment by paying referral allowances or commissions when introducing sub-investors is a typical behavior of the unlawful fund raising crimes. Method: This study reviews previous studies through the literature study, and examines the actual situation via the empirical studies along with theoretical review of unlawful fund raising act, which is deceived by high returns, and deceptive behavior through multi-stage investment. Results: This study based on the gravity of the crime of unlawful fund raising, the latest trends in the crime types including the impersonation of financial companies and virtual currencies are analyzed. Sanctions against those who engage in an unlawful fund raising act should be strengthened, and good traders should be protected. Conclusion: Furthermore, the gravity of punishment in the deterrence theory for the crime prevention is presented as a theoretical grounds. As a measure to prevent damages, it is necessary to raise the criminal punishment, and introduce punitive damages and a special judicial police officer system. Keywords: Unlawful Fund Raising, Financial Crime, Investment Fraud, Deterrence Theory, Ponzi Scheme

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 17:30:21 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The career decision-making self-efficacy is a belief about an individual's ability to successfully accomplish a given task. Students do not demonstrate an active attitude when they are faced with various stresses and anxiety about their own career or employment, and even some are passive and self-reliant, and they learn throughout their lives by becoming helpless when faced with numerous challenges due to their lack of responsibility or low self-esteem, thereby demonstrating symptoms of learned helplessness. As a result of the study which identified the relationship between learned helplessness and career path, the students with a high level of learned helplessness had a relatively high percentage of independent and dependent decisions in the overall process such as career selection, search, and decision relative to the students with a low sense of helplessness, and it was also claimed that the children with high learned helplessness showed relatively low means to solve career-related problem situations promptly. Hence, it is evident that by conducting the group art therapy, negative cognition and behavior can be changed through the group interaction and successful experiences in the art therapy process. This paper seeks to specifically examine the effects of group art therapy, which is very useful among the various treatment techniques which can help solve internal problems, on the learned helplessness and career decision making self-efficacy formed through the repeated failures. Method: Twenty mentally challenged high school students enrolled in special classes at average high schools were assigned to the experimental group and 10 to the control group. The group program was conducted twice a week, for a total of 10 sessions of 80 minutes per session. For the pre-post-additional-tests on learned helplessness and career decision making self-efficacy, repeated measure analysis of variance and simple main effect analysis were performed. Results: The experimental group in receipt of the group art therapy program was statistically significantly higher in the learned helplessness and career decision making self-efficacy scores than the control group both after and additional. Such results are meaning in that they help not only the mentally challenged high school students who are about to graduate, but also the mentally challenged high school students currently enrolled in the school to increase their self-confidence and self-esteem to ensure that they can make career choices that align with the reality through the positive understanding of themselves and the correct perception related changes. Conclusion: The group art therapy helps to address issues and problems through deep insight into one's inner self, and helps to improve the self-esteem by having a positive self-image, further to being an important factor for improvement. Hence, through this study, the group art therapy program should make an active effort to give a sense of achievement for the human growth, convert negative motives to positive motives, and diversify the scope of application of group art therapy programs for addressing realistic problems. Keywords: Group Art Therapy, Learned Helplessness, Career Decision Making, Self-Efficacy, Mentally Challenged

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 17:09:32 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The main purpose of this article is to explore the plan to foster the experts in reserve forces of the Korean armed forces based on a review of the operation of reserve forces in foreign countries, such as the United States and Germany, in consideration of the rapidly changing international situation and security changes on the Korean Peninsula following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. It is intended to examine the relevant development, and at the same time, while there are differences in terms of policy and implementation aspects, it is intended to make suggestions regarding policy development by deriving implications through the comparative analysis of the reserve forces system of Korea and the United States. Method: Considering the characteristics of this study, it was primarily composed of literature studies such as official documents, research papers, and related degree dissertations of the Korean and U.S. governments, Internet materials. As examples of the development of reserve forces in foreign countries, including the United States, case analysis of the reserve forces service system and organization method, reserve forces training, etc., were used. Based on which, various implications were drawn for fostering the reserve forces experts for Korea's elite reserve force. Result: For emphasis purposes, the U.S. and Germany legally maintain the same status as active duty and reserve forces. This is because budgeting and policy establishment for reserve forces are applied in the same manner as in active duty. In particular, the U.S. develops and applies the AGR and ADOS systems based on the legal basis and budget, and operates the reserve force as a unit from the peacetime. However, Korea is currently conducting a short mobilization call training for three days and two nights. In case of emergency, after the general mobilization order is issued, the unit enters into the relevant unit to increase the mobilization and establish the unit. Moving forward, it is necessary to train the reserve forces experts who can contribute to shortening the gap between peacetime and when the general mobilization order is issued. Conclusion: The lessons learned from the Russo-Ukraine war are the spirit of armed struggle from the leader to the people, the strategy and tactics to operate the weapon system, and above all, the very importance of mobilizing the reserve force that can demonstrate practical combat power in the battlefield in case of emergency. As such, it is very important to prepare a plan for fostering the reserve forces experts in consideration of changes in the international order in the 21^st century, declining population, changes in war patterns such as hybrid warfare shown in the Russo-Ukraine war, and Korea's future defense environment, among the key tasks of the Defense Reform 4.0. Keywords: Russo-Ukraine War, Changes in the Defense Environment, Elite Reserve Forces, Non-Standing Reserve Forces System, Defense Reform 4.0

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 17:00:14 +0000  Abstract Purpose: The war crimes allegedly committed against the civilian population in Ukraine by Russian military forces has generated multiple detrimental outcomes. Due to these war crimes, Russia was suspended from the United Nations Human Rights Council(UNHRC) as of April 2022. Russia’s alleged war crimes currently are undergoing thorough investigations by the UNHRC’s Commission of Inquiry. The current humanitarian situation in war-devastated Ukraine has been somewhat under researched. Method: This paper employs the Responsibility to Protect(R2P) theory to examine the present and future of potential application of R2P in Ukraine. Based on resources from the R2P and human rights related research by the US government, the UN and its agencies, scholars, and experts, This article analyzes the failure of Russia to observe the principle of distinction between civilians and combatants as required by the Geneva Conventions, war-affected citizens in Ukraine, as well as potential application of the Responsibility to Protect(R2P) and its implication that the international community has a duty to protect civilians against Russian aggressions. Results: The paper finds that the potential application of R2P in Ukraine will likely face some operational challenges within the UNSC, the potential application of R2P seems feasible as it is both legitimate and justifiable action in accordance with the international law. The actual application of R2P should however carefully be considered since the nature of use of force- often does more harm than good. The potential application of R2P might result in more harm to civilians if additional casualties are generated. Conclusion: The international community should employ additional countermeasures such as added economic sanctions. Pressure should be brought to bear until Russia decides to refrain from war and negotiate a peace between Russia and Ukraine. The potential application of R2P in Ukraine should therefore be most carefully considered and maybe used as a last resort, to avoid and prevent a potential Third World War in coming months. Keywords: The Responsibility to Protect(R2P), Humanitarian Law, Human Rights, Ukraine, Russia

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 16:49:55 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of the diving industry by examining and understanding the educational satisfaction of students who are diving club members, and by examining the relevance to brand asset and the effect on intention to revisit. Method: A survey was conducted with 355 students through the significance sampling method among the students who received diving education. The final measurement tool with validity and reliability secured consisted of 11 diving educational satisfaction questions, 5 brand asset questions, and 4 intention to revisit questions was used. For the data processing, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: As a result of this study, first, it turned out that lecture satisfaction and job related satisfaction, which are sub-factors of educational satisfaction, affect awareness, which is a sub-factor of brand asset. Second, colleague satisfaction, a sub-factor of educational satisfaction, turned out to affect loyalty, a sub-factor of brand asset. Third, the job related satisfaction and colleague satisfaction, which are sub-factors of educational satisfaction, turned out to have an effect on the intention to revisit. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it was confirmed that the educational satisfaction of diving students affects the brand asset and the intention to revisit. The instructors engaged in diving and those involved in the diving industry ought to keep in mind that the educational satisfaction of students during the diving education contributes to the development of the diving organization and further the development of the diving industry over the long term. Keywords: Leisure Sports, Diving, Educational Satisfaction, Brand Asset, Intention to Revisit

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 16:37:34 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social support, career adaptability, psychological capital, and career preparation behavior of the majored in Judo kata in 2021.To achieve the purpose of this study, the following detailed goals were set. Method: This study collected data from students who completed Judo kata class among students majoring in Judo kata in 2021 to investigate the relationship between Judo kata major's social support, career adaptability, psychological capital and career preparation behavior The data were collected by the researcher in the class of judo kata major after the guidance professor of the university Judo kata explained the purpose and purpose of the study in advance and received permission to collect the data. The data used in the actual analysis was 480 copies in a row, or the contents of the questionnaire were partially omitted. 78 questionnaires were excluded. Results: Therefore, universities need to introduce and implement various career preparation programs to increase students' psychological capital and actively implement information collection for their careers to achieve their goals. If they can invest time in consultation rather than interest or support for students, or provide financial support, they will be able to prepare for proper career. Conclusion: In relation to social support and career, environmental factors and educational considerations should be followed up on other departments, and social support, career adaptability, psychological capital, and career preparation behavior according to martial arts or physical education departments should be conducted more reliable research. Keywords: Judo Kata, Social Support, Career Adaptation, Psychological Capital, Career Preparation Behavior

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 16:28:22 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The pursuit of beauty, which started from ancient times, is a basic human need, and many studies on the attractiveness of appearance are on the rise, and such research on human beauty is an important public value. Recently, interest and demand for waxing are rising, but the level of professional education on waxing is low and the understanding of skin changes and follow-up care after waxing is low, so the need for research on waxing is emerging. The purpose of this study is to find out the difference in skin condition and hair growth rate after Brazilian treatment according to the type of waxing and to present it as basic data, and to contribute to the public value in beauty culture. Method: The subject of this study was a woman in her early 20s who had no experience with waxing, and waxed the bikini area between June and August 2022 using sugar wax and hard wax respectively. For 4 weeks after Brazilian waxing, the skin condition(including ingrown hair, folliculitis, etc.) and hair growth length were compared and analyzed at weekly intervals. The results were analyzed after the mixed study using clinical trials and interview methods. Results: As a result of comparative analysis of the skin condition and the length of the growing hair at weekly intervals after waxing, the condition of the skin showed that ingrown hair and inflammation occurred in the area where the sugar wax was applied, and the hair growth rate was slow. In the area treated with hard waxing, ingrown hair did not occur compared to sugar waxing, and the number of inflammations was significantly lower. The growth rate of cross-section hair was faster than that of sugar waxing, and it was confirmed that the thickness of the hair also grew thicker. Conclusion: Sugar waxing had excellent effects on hair removal and hair thickness reduction, such as lower skin dryness, redness, and irritation of pores compared to hard waxing, but follow-up care is expected to be very important. If follow-up care is not performed properly after Brazilian waxing, it is thought that the risk factors for ingrown hair and folliculitis may be high. Keywords: Sugaring, Waxing, Brazilian, Ingrown, Public Value

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 16:16:54 +0000 Abstract Purpose: This is a single group related ex ante and ex post design study intended to examine and understand the effect of caffeine education on the cognitive improvement of college students. Method: From November 1, 2019 to November 29, 2019, a preliminary questionnaire survey was conducted with 103 junior year students from 2 health related departments at a university located in J city, Jeollabuk-do, once a week for 3 weeks, after which a total of 3 education sessions were conducted. The collected data were analyzed by using the frequency analysis and the paired sample t-test using the SPSS Win 18.0 program. Results: The mean for intake before education was 1.47±.40, and the mean for intake after education was 1.77± .47. The pre-educational knowledge was 0.58± .23 and the post-educational knowledge was 0.89± .10. When the intake and knowledge levels were compared with those before the education, the mean score increased after the education. Through which, it is evident that the level of caffeine knowledge increased after the education. Conclusion: The caffeine education program reduced the frequency of the caffeine intake, and after the education, the rate of correct response for knowledge questions increased, thereby confirming the fact that the caffeine knowledge level was improved. Furthermore, after checking the caffeine content in the recognition and behavior, it was confirmed that there was an improvement in the positive direction of selecting beverages and selecting alternative foods. However, in order to generalize university students and expand and interpret the effects of the education, it is considered that a wide range of subjects and long-term education will be needed. Keywords: Caffeine, Education, Recognition, Knowledge, College Student

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]]> Sun, 16 Oct 2022 15:53:51 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The GwangJaemulbo was a middle version edition from in a 1798, the Jaemulbo with which had been known by Encyclopedia written in the 19century, differ from nature, human, material. The reason why has been who the people frame a hypothesis that remade with a contaminant and object, but collect words. Numerical figure was counted by polygraph & subentries,  improved the lexicon, recollect diverse different versions. The purpose of Vocabulary lesson in enlightening brain cell rule sense of social society has supplemented with mental culture. Method: The Suanxueqimeng in china Transcription materials in from those receive radio signals. Benran zhi xing is on the Mulmyeonggo. Master of Choi Seok-jeong’s Gusuryak has been learning, compared with Yinyang and Wuxing of the Positive School in mathematics principles. In terms of ecological history, this paper analyzed the names of animals and plants that need to be examined in the context of ecological history among the Korean equivalents found in Mulmyeonggo. Results: Arithmetic of Humanities, geography, astronomy application, adopted with humanities and social sciences. Therefore, solar and lunar copula are Jaemulbo . The realist were aware of the following facts Access to culture, language access is the fastest way. Among the approaches to language vocabulary is the fastest way. The right way to approach cultural language is a way to access. Regarding the nature of headwords, it was pointed out that there was on influence of Chinese literature by mentioning cases based on gender, direction, season, age, size, color. Regarding the importance of Mulmyeonggo in folk history, this study found that the book included various vocabulary that sheds light on the folklife in Joseon during the period. Conclusion:『Jaemulbo』in the 18th century and『Mulmyeonggo』,『Gwangjaemulbo』in the 19th century inherited『Donguibogam-tangaekpyeon』genealogy. Their basic book had been『Bonchogangmok』(1596) in China. In addition, based on the aggregated figures, the distribution of synonyms, foreign languages, and the author’s opinions was reviewed, and the characteristics according to the frequency were examined. This research on natures books that was educating wording , self-examination, learning contexts awaken human is maturing continuously. [Keywords] Vocabulary of Mulmyŏnggo, The GwangJaemulbo, The Suanxueqimeng, Benran Zhi Xing, Ecological Contents

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]]> Tue, 05 Apr 2022 13:11:50 +0000 Abstract Purpose: Women in their 30s and 40s are most active in terms of their professional life, and it may be said that the public value of social activities is quite large. Self-efficacy for the public value influences interpersonal relationships in professional life and is also an important factor manifested through the appearance management behaviors. The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the effect of self-efficacy on the appearance management behaviors for the women in their 30s and 40s. Method: In this study, a total of 577 copies were used for the final statistical analysis data. For the questionnaire’s questions for the development of the scale of this study, a survey method was used for the women in their 30s and 40s for an empirical study. Self-efficacy was used as three factors of physical self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, and task difficulty preference, and appearance management behavior was used as five factors of cosmetic management, skin care, weight management, hair care, and clothing management. Results: First, among the sub-factors of self-efficacy among the women in their 30s and 40s, and as for the 'physical self-efficacy' and 'social self-efficacy,' it turned out that there was a significant negative (-) correlation concerning 'skin care', 'hair care' and 'clothing care' among the appearance management behaviors. Among the sub-factors of self-efficacy, and as for the 'preference for the level of task related difficulty,' it turned out that there is a significant positive (+) correlation concerning 'plastic management' and 'weight management' among the appearance management behaviors. Second, as for the effect of self-efficacy on weight control among the appearance management behaviors, social self-efficacy and the preference for the level of task-related difficulty turned out to have statistically significant effects. Among the appearance management behaviors, and as for clothing management, it turned out that there was a statistically significant effect for physical self-efficacy, social self-efficacy and the preference for the level of task related difficulty. The rest of the factors did not turn out to be significant. Conclusion: As the women's social activities have increased, the public value socially speaking has increasingly grown, and it is considered that it is very important for women to take care of their appearance Therefore, it is expected that this study will examine women's self-efficacy and well understand women's interest, so that they can be well-activated in the marketing of the beauty market and the fashion market. [Keywords] Self-Efficacy, Appearance, Management-Behaviors, Public Value, Women in Their 30s and 40s

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]]> Tue, 05 Apr 2022 12:38:28 +0000 Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a plan to manage disaster situations using MORT-TAC, a factor to consider the situation evaluation of disaster sites. Despite the importance of disaster response due to the sharing of initial disaster information in disaster response, small disasters often develop into national disasters due to the lack of important information in the event of a disaster. Method: In order to conduct research using MORT-TAC, a factor in evaluating disaster situations, various organizations can use MORT-TAC to distribute initial disaster information through literature research and telephone interviews due to COVID-19. In addition, a study was conducted to incorporate the researcher's military expertise for 30 years of military service into the disaster field. Results: As a result of the district, MORT-TAC was suggested to distribute initial information on disaster sites between city and county emergency control teams, integrated support headquarters, regional and central emergency control teams, and education and training programs to improve disaster-related officials' expertise. Conclusion: Disaster response and disaster situation management must be performed by professional officials. Disaster officials of all disaster response emergency organizations must have the expertise to manage disaster situations using MORT-TAC, and to this end, education and training programs must be reflected in the annual education plan. In addition, in-depth research on MORT-TAC should be continuously studied in the future. [Keywords] Initial Disaster Information, Disaster Situation Management, MORT-TAC, Information Distribution, Professional Education

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